James Loeffler, a Senior Fellow of the Kogod Research Center at the Shalom Hartman Institute of North America, is Felix Posen Professor of Jewish History at Johns Hopkins University. He is the author of the award-winning book Rooted Cosmopolitans: Jews and Human Rights in the Twentieth Century and co-editor of the Association for Jewish Studies Review. His scholarly research explores the ties between law, culture, and politics in modern Jewish history. His writings also include  The